Operators in C++ Programming

Definition of C++ Operators

There are many operators for manipulating numeric values and performing arithmetic operations. C++ provides many operators for manipulating data. Generally, there are three types of operators: unary, binary, and ternary.

These terms reflect the number of operands an operator requires. Unary operators only require a single operand. Binary operators work with two operands. Ternary operators, as you may have guessed, require three operands.

The arithmetic operators can be used for appropriate combinations of these types:

• x+y // plus
• + x // unar y plus
• x − y // minus
• − x // unar y minus
• X * y //multiply
• x / y // divide
• x % y // remainder (modulus) for integers

The comparison operators in C++ are:

• x == y // equal
• x != y // not equal
• x < y // less than
• x > y // greater than
• x <= y //less than or equal
• x >= y // greater than or equal

Furthermore, logical operators are provided:

• x & y // bitwise and
• x | y // bitwise or
• x ˆ y // bitwise exclusive or
• ˜x // bitwise complement
• x && y // logical and
• x || y // logical or

C++ example with arithmetic operators

This examples program calculates hourly wages, including overtime.

    #include <iostream.h>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
     {
     double basePayRate = 18.25, // Base pay rate
     overtimePayRate = 27.38, // Overtime pay rate
     regularHours = 40.0, // Regular hours worked
     overtimeHours = 10, Overtime hours worked// 
     regularWages, // Computed regular wages
     overtimeWages, // Computed overtime wages
     totalWages; // Computed total wages

    // Calculate regular wages
     regularWages = basePayRate * regularHours;

    // Calculate overtime wages
     overtimeWages = overtimePayRate * overtimeHours;

    // Calculate total wages
     totalWages = regularWages + overtimeWages;

    // Display total wages
    cout << "Wages for this week are $" << totalWages << endl;
    return 0;
     }

    Output:
    Wages for this week are $1003.8

The regular hours for the work week are 40, and any hours worked over 40 are considered overtime. The employee earns $18.25 per hour for regular hours and $27.38 per hour for overtime hours. The employee has worked 50 hours this week.

Notice that the output displays the wages as $1003.8, with just one digit after the decimal point.